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- Date sent: Fri, 05 Apr 1996 14:30:15 -0500
- Subject: Eassy
-
-
- What is a V-chip? This term has become a buzz word for any discussion evolving
- telecommunications regulation and television ratings, but not too many reports define the
- new technology in its fullest form. A basic definition of the V-chip; is a microprocessor
- that can decipher information sent in the vertical blanking of the NTSC signal,
- purposefully for the control of violent or controversial subject matter. Yet, the span of
- the new chip is much greater than any working definition can encompass. A discussion of the
- V-chip must include a consideration of the technical and ethical issues, in addition to
- examining the constitutionally of any law that might concern standards set by the US
- government. Yet in the space provided for this essay, the focus will be the technical
- aspects and costs of the new chip. It is impossible to generally assume that the V-chip
- will solve the violence problem of broadcast television or that adding this little device
- to every set will be a first amendment infringement. We can, however, find clues through
- examining the cold facts of broadcast television and the impact of a mandatory regulation
- on that free broadcast. "Utilizing the EIA's Recommended Practice for Line 21 Data
- Service(EIA-608) specification, these chips decode EDS (Extended Data Services)program
- ratings, compare these ratings to viewer standards, and can be programmed to take a variety
- of actions, including complete blanking of programs." Is one definition of the V-chip from
- Al Marquis of Zilog Technology. The FCC or Capitol Hill has not set any standards for
- V-chip technology; this has allowed many different companies to construct chips that are
- similar yet not exact or possibly not compatible. Each chip has advantages and
- disadvantages for the rating's system, soon to be developed. For example, some units use
- onscreen programming such as VCR's and the Zilog product do, while others are considering
- set top options. Also, different companies are using different methods of parental control
- over the chip.
- Another problem that these new devices may incur when included in every television is a
- space. The NTSC signal includes extra information space known as the subcarrier and Vertical
- blanking interval. As explained in the quotation from Mr. Marquis, the V-chips will use a
- certain section of this space to send simple rating numbers and points that will be compared
- to the personality settings in the chip. Many new technologies are being developed for
- smart-TV or data broadcast on this part of the NTSC signal. Basically the V-chip will
- severely limit the bandwidth for high performance transmission of data on the NTSC signal.
- There is also to be cost to this new technology, which will be passed to consumers.
- Estimates are that each chip will cost six dollars wholesale and must be designed into the
- television's logic. The V-chip could easily push the price of televisions up by twenty five
- or more dollars during the first years of production. The much simpler solution of set top
- boxes allows control for those who need it and allow those consumers who don't to save
- money and use new data technology. Another cost will most definitely be levied to
- television advertisers for the upgrade of the transmitting equipment. Weather the V-chip
- encoding signal is added upstream of the transmitter or directly into uplink units and
- other equipment intended for broadcast; this cost will have to compensated for in
- advertising sales and prices. The V-chip regulation may also require another staff employee
- at most stations to effectively rate locally aired programs and events. All three of these
- questions have been addressed in minute detail. Most debate has focused upon the new rating
- system and its implementation. Though equally important, this doesn't deal with the ground
- floor concerns for the television producing and broadcasting industries. Now as members of
- the industry we must hold our breath until either the fed knocks the wind from free
- broadcast with mandatory ratings' devices, or allows the natural regulation to continue.
-